Water still with deaerator



July 27, 1948. H. c. DAvls ET AL n 2,445,907

WATER STILL WITH DEAERATOR Filed Feb. 27, 1942 y3 Sheets-Sheet 1ATTO/@MEV 'July 27, 1948. H. c. DAvls 4E1- AL 2,445,907

WATER STILL WITH DEAERATOR I Y Filed Feb. 27, 1942 s sheets-sheet 2 FRMwm ra cams/e ff mcawafsf/r INVENTORS Wavryw/W July 27, 1948; H. c. DAVISETAL WATER STILL WITH DEAERATOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 27, 1942Patented July 27, i948 a l.: s l. .t i' .S v t' TATES T i1-@2F FIC'12;44a907 'l v -lwa'nnn s231121. WITH DEAERATOR Howard o. Davis),Elizabeth, --ana Willi-amai.

Thompson, Chatham, N. ll.i,assi-gn'orstoiavis Engineering G01-poration,Elizabeth, AN. iL-fa morporatonioflbelaware .ApplicationFebruary 27,19142,.,Seial 432,1;612

. 1 "The invention herein 'disclosed relates to a disitiliati'on systemthat "is especiallyA suitable for dis-` tilling "water and 'fcomprehendsa `combined Icondenser, deaerator skimmer, 'reboiler `and separaftoradapted "f or use iin the system.

There are 'many situations, 'lindus'trially and otherwise, `where a'more `'or yless continuous `supply of distilled water Ais required. AVsevere re'- 'quirement is that of Aproducing "drinking water eratedValves 8`,9anjd "lll-'controlling tliegiow to the branch lines 5, t andi respectively. The brancliti isconnectedi'tothejboiler i andisprojvidedfor `filling 'the boiler `on'starting 'ulpl The branch V'l lis 1connectedto the shell of a 'cooler 1li-l in which there is Ia 'coil out`of communi-cation ywith the interior'of dthe shell-andifoiriiirigfa-llo'sed, topen*ende'olmassa-ge. -ilnother pipe 442Lo'onnects Efromvariousand^different"sourcesof*water norith-e water,that Vhas 'passed ithroug'h thefshll'of mally unt for human consumption.rlheyrethe cooler, and incontact with "the coil ltheriii,'quirernentibecomes more'severeiwhen itibecomes fiows. i

V-neeessam/ to 4producefthefdistilled water so that The condenser is a'multipass condenser land \itis'suitable foruse'instoragebatteries.Coupled maylbeof anyiwellknown-constructionwithne uwiththese'therelhasnowI-been-aclded tofthep'r'ob- 15 exception. )At Eleast ^one"'-pass`,the A'rlrs`t,l-an` `i pr L'lem 'tomake itrnost severe the *necessityofhaving a portable -unit suitable ffor Army and Navy "movements andoperable with a minimum 1fuel consumption.

i YBy the inventionherein'disclosed L'there lis "provided a distillationsystem 'thatmay be comlpactly arranged; that `is -suitable forcontinuous operation; `that `is` comparatively' .simple inncon-'struction and arrangement; that is suitable for "the distillation of`.water irrespective' of `the `source 'from which it lis obtained; lthat=treatsithefwater :bef-ore Adistillation so that itis less `injurious4to "the materials Ain Vthe evaporation chambers; that conditions thewater so as 'to reducefthe amount evaporationythat treats the .water soasto'remove l'air and-other gasesth-a't affect evaporation and thequality of `the distillate; and vthat permits iol 'la continuous 4blowdown so as to minimize 'the concentration in ithe evaporating vchamberWithout :increasing 'fuel consumption. l

`A 'distillation system constituting ione specific -emhodimentofthelinvention and the units that Ilform partici-'the invention arevillustrated in the accompanying drawings .and described -in` detail.lbelowt `The drawings :include:

:Figrllwhich -is an isometric, l1diagrammatie .rep-

`anpihcmiii-Lately the temperature di xthe source.

lThecondenser is, therefore, iprovidell withralconnectie'n F4 thnoughwhich the excess water lis withdrawn 'at the end of 'the iirstseveralpasses, "tnatu-is-ith'efpasses :capable fof-i accommodating fthetotal Yvo-lume, and 'ijustiprior I to 'the last fewpasses, lthat iisithe passes fwhichfare arranged r'to accom- :modate 4ith'e :lesserquantity itha't` lis required :for distillation. Tula systemsuch-Aasthat lfillustrated, iwhic'h constitutes a 4portable unitVa fouripass @condenser has 'been around 1satisfantory,` the rexfcess waterfleeing fihled :from the condensery atter ithe .ethird pass. In this@arrangement `a lpassis consideren asia flowfithroue'hiltheffcondenserann lb'ack. n l impipe ll is fconnectedtothe 'connectioniild fandextends above. a fdeaerator and skimmerl-llt iformed on` ftop l of `lthe.fcon'densen into `fa Scham- .berfoiarthedaeratorgthrbugh thezpipe|5,f`?t'h'e ex- .ness-Water vis delivered. This chamber mi" @theL`looiler.

`during operation, 1 i

evaporator 23. After passing through the coil :than vthe baille 36.Aprovided that extends between the side wall 35 l vand the baille 36.This weir is between the weir of the evaporator, the vapor is deliveredby a pipe 24 to the shell of the condenser.

The plant constitutes a multi-elect evaporation system. The rst effectevaporation takes place in the direct fired boiler and the second effectin the evaporator. To this end, the shell of the evaporatoris connectedby a pipe 25 to receive water from the boiler, the blow downv from theboiler. In operation the boiler is continuously blown down, the blowdown being the feed to the evaporator shell. Th'e other end of theevaporator shell is connected by a pipe 26 to waste. Thus the blow downfrom the boiler passes to the evaporator and through the evaporatorshell to waste continuously. There is, there- The pipe I5 extends overthis discharge compartment between the end wall 33 and the Weir 38. Itis open at 41 to discharge into this compartment to the left of the weir4I. The pipe I8 extends over the receiving compartment 31 and is open atbottom, i. e., the section over the compartment isasemi-sectioncut awayat the bot- .,tom, to discharge into the` lcompartment 31. The

pipes I5 and I8 rise to the same elevation to equalize the head or backpressure on th'e two branches of the water and so eifect a proportionatedistribution of the water in accordance with the arrangement of thepasses in the condenser.

.through the pipe I8 enters the chamber 31 and fore, a continuous blowdown of the boiler and ,l

evaporator which prevents the accumulation or Vconcentration of solidmatterth'ereby' greatly increasing the duration of operation beforeaffecting capacity output.

, `Inthe evaporator, the heat from the vapors passingA throughl the coilis tnans'ferred to the water inthe shell which is vaporized. Thus, in

.the evaporator the second effect evaporation is ,from the first effect,the boiler I, and the vapor from. the second effect, the evaporator 23,are brought together in the condenser.

The condensate is collected in a well at the bottom of the condenser anddelivered through a pipe 3I to one endof the coil of the cooler.

y.The other end of the coil ofthe cooler is connected to the containerto receive the distilled water. Y l

`The construction and assembly of the deaerator and skimmer and thecondenser areshown in Figs. 2 and 3. formed on the condenser.

The deaerator and skimmer is To thisend there is provided end walls 32and 33 and sidewalls 34 `and 35. partment or pan formed by the sidewalls, there Extending longitudinally of the comis provided a baille 36which forms a `compartment `3`I-between `it and the Vside wall 34. Thisbaille 36 engages the bottom of th'e deaerator to a point `where a Weir38, extending transversely from the side wall 35, is connected to it.From this point,

:thelower edge 39 of the baille is raised from the bottom of thedeaerator forming a passage thereunder. Extending between the weir 38and the end wall 32, .and parallel to the baille 36, there isa .Weir 4D.The Weir 40 is substantially lower A transverse Weir 4I is also 38-andthe end wall 33. The pipe I1 connected towaste' is connected through anopening 42 through the side wall 35 and communicating withthe'compartment between the Weir 4I and 'the' end wall 33. The pipe I9is connected'to an opening4 43 in the side wall 35 and adjacent th'e endwall 32. Adjacent the lower end of the weirf38,

These notches extend to a point somewhat below the Ilevel of th'e Weir4I), which determines the level to which the water must; rise in thedeaerator.

eThese notches are provided for skimming off the `topfof the water andthus carrying the greater portion of oils, greases and other foreignmatter lthat rise'tothe surface, into the discharge compartment betweenthe weir 38 and the end wall 33.

The water to be distilled, i. e., that delivered rises therein to th'eelevation of the weir 40. Any floating matter is skimmed through theV-notch 46 into the waste compartment. The water then passes under thebailler 36 and over the Weir 40 into the boiler yfeed compartment in athin sheet form. As the water must pass down under the baffle 36,floating matter remains on the top and is skimmed into the dischargecompartment. The top of the water in the other discharge or feedcompartment, vis skimmed through the V-notch 45into the wastecompartment to further remove floating foreign matter. In its passage inthe corr.-

partment( 31, under the baille 36 and over the Weir 46, gasesareliberated and pass off to the atmosphere. f k

Thev Weir 4I is provided in the waste compartmentso that duringoperation, there will be in the waste compartment, to the left oftheWeir, a head equal to the height of the weir. If the level of the waterin the boiler feed compartment goes below the level of the Weir 4I, thecheck valve `44 opens to permit water to flow from the waste compartmentto th'e boiler: feed compartment. This arrangement assures the supply ofboiler -feed Water. .Y

It is to be noted that the conduit `3i) through which'the vapors fromthelevaporator pass to lthe condenser shell constitutes a large heattransfersurface within the boiler feed compartment of the deaerator.This .further heats the Water in this compartment and in consequence,effects `a fur-ther liberation of gases as well as additionallypreheating the 'boiler feed water. While the system illustrated in thedrawings and described above includes a multiple effect evaporation, itwill be obvious that the invention vis likewise applicable t-o a singleeffect evaporation system that is normally suppliedwith steam from adirect red boiler or from any other source of steam supply where thesteam that is used'as .the heat-ing agentis returned in the form ofcondensate to the source from whence it came. Also, the inventionpermits` the operation of a direct fired boiler for the directevaporation of ,raw

treated water, the resultant steam or vapor being condensed as thedistilled,water.` In addition, it provides an arrangement permittingmultiple effect evaporation wherein the first Ieffect evapora- `tor maybe a` direct fired boiler and the Vapor from which is used as theheating medium to the heating surface of the second effect evaporatorand wherein `the condensate of such vapor forms a part of the distilledwater supply instead of being returned `to theboiler. There is, wi-ththis system, no necessity for maintaining in storage previously treatedwater for startingup the system. Y

It will be apparent to those skilledin the art that the system of theinvention is capable of orator regardless of whether a single effectevaporator be direct red. The blowing down in a two or more effect plantfollows consecutively from the rst effect to the last eifect. In thismanner there is a continuous blowing down of boiler or every effect andthe concentration of solid matter or sludge is kept low and does notaccumulate to a point where shut down is necessary.

It will be obvious that various changes may be made by those skilled inthe art in the arrangement of the system and the units thereof withinthe .principle and scope of the invention as expressed in the appendedclaims.

We claim:

1. |For a distillation system of the kind described, a combineddeaerator and skimmer comprising an open liquid container, a series ofbaffles and weirs wi-thin the container forming a liquid receiving andtwo discharge compartments, means for delivering liquid to the liquidreceiving and one of .the discharge compartments, means for dischargingliquid from the discharge compartments, -a weir within the dischargecompartment having the liquid receiving means associated therewitharranged to maintain a head of liquid within the compartment, and acheck valve controlling communication between the two dischargecompartments.

2. For a distillation system of the kind described, a deaeratorcomprising an open liquid container, a series of rbaflies and weirswithin the container forming a liquid receiving and two dischargecompartments, means for delivering liquid to the receiving compartmentand means for discharging the liquid from the discharge compartments,one of said weirs being arranged to skim the upper part of the liquidfrom th-e liquid receiving compartment into one of the dischargecompartments, and a pair of said baiiies 4being arranged to cause theflow of liquid from the lbottom of said liquid receiving compartmentinto the other of said discharge compartments, and another of said weirsbeing arranged between the two discharge compartments.

3 For a distillation system of the kind described, a combined deaeratorand skimmer comprising an open liquid container, a series of bafes andweirs within the container forming a liquid receiving and .two dischargecompartments, means for delivering liquid to the liquid receiving andone of the discharge compartments, means for withdrawing liquid from oneof the discharge compartments, means for discharging liquid from theother discharge compartment, a weir within the discharge compartmenthaving the liquid receiving means associated therewith arranged tomaintain a head of liquid therein, and means operative upon a differencein the head between the discharge compartments for delivering liq.- uidfrom the discharge compartment having the liquid receiving meansassocia-ted therewith lt'o the other discharge compartment.

4. In a distillation system of the kind described, the combinationcomprising a condenser, means for delivering water to the condenser, twodischarge outlets for the water delivered to .the condenser, a combineddeaerator and skimmer mounted on the condenser, and discharge conduitsconnecting said discharge outlets and extending to the same elevationabove the deaerator and open to discharge therein.

5. A distillation uni-t comprising, in combination, evaporating means, awater cooled condenser to which vapor from .the evaporating means isconducted to be condensed into distillate, a water-operated coolerconnected to said condenser to receive the distillate therefrom, andmeans for supplying deaerated and heated Water to said evaporating meansincluding a .pump operable to draw waiter from a source and dischargethe same to said cooler at a rate greatly in excess of the feed waterrequirements of said evap'orating means, a conduit leading from saidcooler to said condenser for conducting the partially heated water tosaid condenser for further absorption of heat while reducing .the vaporin the condenser to distillate, a deaerator having a first, a second anda third compartment, with the second and third compartments operable tomaintain a reserve of liquid, a conduit tapped into the coolant Watercircuit of said condenser at a point in advance of the end thereof anddischarging to the second compartment of said deaerator and designed Vtotake off .the major .part of the coolant flowing through said condenser,a conduit tapped into the coolant water circuit of said condenser at theend thereof and discharging to the third compartment of said deaerator,the rate of discharge being in excess of the feed water requirements ofsaid evaporating means, said third compartment overiiowi-ng into thefirst compartment, and said second compartment providing a reserveoperable to flow into saidfr'st compartment if the overflow from saidsecond compartment is insuflcient `to maintain the Water in the rstcompartment at a predetermined level, a feed water conduit leading from.the bottom of said rst compartment to said evaporating means, a pump insaid conduit continuously supplying feed water to said evaporating meansat a rate in excess of the evaporation thereof, andi means forpermitting a continuous blow down from said evaporating means.

HOWARD C. DAVIS. WILLIAM H. THOMPSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

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